About
Marcus Aurelius, born in Rome in 121, was adopted by Emperor Antoninus Pius and reigned from 161 to 180. His reign was marked by incessant wars, notably against the Parthians and Germanic tribes, as well as the Antonine Plague. He is the author of Meditations, a philosophical journal in Greek, which expounds his practice of Stoicism. Considered the last of the Five Good Emperors, he embodies the ideal of the philosopher-king.
Major works
- Meditations (c. 170–180)philosophical journal
Key milestones
- 138Adopted by Antoninus Pius, becoming heir to the imperial throne.
- 161Becomes emperor, ruling jointly with Lucius Verus.
- 180Dies near Vindobona (modern Vienna) or Sirmium, at age 58.
Themes
StoicismSelf-masteryReasonImpermanenceDuty
Sources: plato.stanford.edu · iep.utm.edu · hup.harvard.edu