About
The Talmud is the foundational text of Rabbinic Judaism, consisting of the Mishnah (codification of oral law, c. 200 CE) and the Gemara (rabbinic commentary). Two versions exist: the Jerusalem Talmud (c. 400 CE) and the Babylonian Talmud (c. 500-600 CE), the latter being longer and more authoritative. It covers civil, criminal, and family law, festivals, agriculture, and ritual purity. The first complete printed edition dates to 1520-1523 in Venice, and the first complete English translation was published between 1935 and 1952.
Major works
- Mishnah (c. 200)codification of oral law
- Talmud de Jérusalem (Yerushalmi) (c. 400)talmudic compilation
- Talmud de Babylone (Bavli) (c. 500-600)talmudic compilation
Key milestones
- c. 200Redaction of the Mishnah by Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi.
- 1520-1523First complete printed edition of the Talmud by Daniel Bomberg in Venice.
- 1935-1952First complete English translation edited by Isidore Epstein, published by Soncino Press.
Themes
Jewish law (Halakha)Ethics and narratives (Aggadah)Rabbinic interpretation and debateRitual and purityCivil and criminal justice
Sources: web.library.yale.edu · oxfordbibliographies.com