About
Marcus Garvey was born in St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica, in 1887. After an apprenticeship as a printer, he traveled in Central America and London, then founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in 1914. Settled in Harlem in 1916, he made it the largest Black organization in the United States, with about two million members. He created the Black Star Line shipping company and the Negro World newspaper. Convicted of mail fraud in 1922, he was imprisoned and deported in 1927. He continued his activism in Jamaica and London, where he died in 1940. His ideas influenced the Rastafari movement and Black Power.
* 1887-08-17 — † 1940-06-10
Major works
- Negro World (1918)newspaper
- Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey (1923)collection of writings
Key milestones
- 1914Founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in Jamaica.
- 1919Founded the Black Star Line shipping company to promote Black commerce and return to Africa.
- 1927Deported from the United States after being pardoned by President Coolidge.
Themes
Pan-AfricanismBack-to-Africa movementBlack economic self-relianceRacial prideBlack nationalism
Sources: britannica.com · bbc.co.uk · crdl.usg.edu