Aristotle

Ancient Greek philosopher and scientist

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About

Aristotle (384-322 BCE) was a Greek philosopher and scientist, a student of Plato and tutor to Alexander the Great. He founded the Lyceum in Athens and produced a vast body of work covering logic, metaphysics, physics, biology, ethics, and politics. He is the inventor of formal logic and the first to classify sciences into distinct disciplines. His thought, characterized by the search for causes and the doctrine of the mean, profoundly influenced medieval and modern philosophy.

Major works

  • Nicomachean Ethicsethical treatise
  • Politicspolitical treatise
  • Metaphysicstreatise on first philosophy
  • Poeticsliterary theory treatise
  • History of Animalsbiological treatise

Key milestones

  • 384 av. J.-C.Born in Stagira, a Greek city in Chalcidice.
  • 335 av. J.-C.Founded the Lyceum in Athens.
  • 322 av. J.-C.Died in Chalcis on the island of Euboea.

Themes

Logic and syllogismEthics and virtueMetaphysics and causalityPolitics and citizenshipBiology and classification

Sources: plato.stanford.edu · iep.utm.edu

Reading guide

Which book should you read to discover Aristotle?

Aristotle benefits from an introduction and small steps: his questions remain very concrete, but his vocabulary asks for attention.

Our starting point

Reflecting on happiness, virtues, and the good life

Nicomachean Ethics

It is the richest text for understanding his ideas about habits, the mean, and flourishing.

Level
Demanding
Reading time
10–14 hours
Formats to compare
Print · Ebook · Audio

Exploring his thought on civic and collective life

Politics

Read it next, once the notions of virtue and common good from the Ethics feel familiar.

Level
Demanding
Reading time
10–14 hours
Formats to compare
Print · Ebook

Merchant links help compare editions. Recommendations are editorially independent.